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Late Roman mixed destruction fill.
The fill in both the staircase and the cistern chamber was the same mixed destruction fill containing a large quantity of Hellenistic pottery mixed in with late 3rd-early ... 4th. c. A.D ... C 13:1 ... C 13:1 |
Roman well, stratified.
Finds from the earth (not recorded in a subdivision):
P 7995, P 8036, P 21834, SS 6338, IL 483, IL 486, BI 309, BI 310,
BI 314.
According to the excavator the shaft had been cleaned ... 2nd-4th c. A.D ... C 13:2 ... C 13:2 |
Tins 1-5.
"D" ware; a medallion plate; the jar with flaring mouth and purplish glaze and gouged decoration, a 28 lamp fragment and one fragment of combed ware ... 4th. c. A.D ... C 13:2.2 ... C 13:2.2 |
One fragment of "A" ware; no "D" ware or gouged ware; several basket-handled water jars and two amphorae ... 2nd. c. A.D ... C 13:2.6 ... C 13:2.6 |
Tins 8-12.
27 lamp fragments, a "D" ware plate and an early (?) gouged jug, micaceous water jars and amphorae. Some joins were noted between fills III and IV, but in general the fills are distinct ... Mid-3rd. c. A.D ... C 13:2.4 ... C 13:2.4 |
Tins 6-7.
The mending of pottery revealed a break at about 19.60, although the nature of the pottery seems about the same: "A" and "D" ware, gouged ware, flaring-mouthed jars, micaceous water jars and ... Late 3rd.-early 4th. c. A.D ... C 13:2.3 ... C 13:2.3 |
Coins:
26 May 1936 #2-#3
Fragments of "A" ware and of micaceous water jars; no basket-handled water jars; and a lead seal with the name and portrait of Hadrian ... Late 2nd.-early 3rd. c. A.D ... C 13:2.5 ... C 13:2.5 |
Turkish sherds from this level. No tins of pottery ... August 1951 ... C 13:2.1 ... C 13:2.1 |
Well at 63/ΙΒ (in House H, Room 15). Upper fill mixed Hellenistic to 2nd c. or later. Probably thrown in in Early Roman times when House H was built. Contained many figurines; probably part of Koukla factory ... 12 August 1947 ... C 19:13 ... C 19:13 |
| Pit with traces of burning ... Probably 3rd qtr. 5th c. B.C ... C 18:13 ... C 18:13 |
| Rodney S. Young ... Grave 6 in notebook (E.L. Smithson: Grave XXII: PG). Bones discarded. Urn cremation (trench-and-hole).
JP
Roughly rectangular trench cut through hard earth into bedrock to a depth of about 0.35m, approximately ... Late Protogeometric ... C 9:13 ... C 9:13 |
| Located in House H, Room 13 on the lower northwest slope of the Areopagus ... Late 2nd c. B.C. |
Coins:
22 February 1936 #4-#13
26 February 1935 #1-#2
27 February 1936 #1-#4
28 February 1936 #3-#5 |
Well (diameter 0.98m) in House H, Room 13.
Two dumped fills apparently of the same date, but separated by a clay deposit of over 2.00m.
Cf. Hesperia 20 (1951), p. 253. (noted) Subdivisions:
.1=Upper ... Ca. 425-400 B.C. |
Cistern System #1b: Shaft/manhole and gallery at 18-19/ΞΑ-ΞΓ.
Objects divided between the two features, shaft and gallery, according to deposit notebook list, not according to remarks on cards. 22 February ... Late 1st c. B.C.-early 1st c. A.D. |
| North of House G (RSY=Pyre 13).
Concentration of artifacts, small pieces of bone, and burnt material in stratum, no pit discerned. The pyre is cut by the trench of a wall of a Roman house to north. It ... 290-250 B.C. |
Coins:
17 May 1937 #1 ... Second half 4th. c ... Second half 4th. c ... -13--10m. |
| Rodney S. Young ... Grave 8 in notebook. Bones discarded. Fragments of an iron pin found on the chest and a fragment of a Protogeometric krater base found beside the body were not inventoried.
JP
Unlined roughly rectangular ... LH III/EPG (date uncertain) |
Room C Fill of Floor at (T/13,14-13/17,19) No information ... Room C Fill of Floor at (T/13,14-13/17,19) |
Hellenistic-Early Roman fill over bedrock, along west side of Kolonos Agoraios. Consistent dumped filling; occasionally there is a late Roman fragment intruded from the filling above, but this seems not ... 26-29 February 1936
2-12 March 1936 |
Well beneath 4th c. Klepsydra Drain, within foundations of west end of the Middle Stoa. Diameter 0.90m, cut through bedrock, with handholes on sides. Top 4.50m. dumped fill; 4.50-6.15m. period of use ... Mid-8th c. B.C. |
Coins from dump:
27 May 1937 #2-#9
28 May 1937 #3-#11 Not later than 3rd. c. A.D ... 3rd. c. A.D. |
Dump, 4th c. Cut through a cistern which was probably constructed in the 4th c. B.C, near the southwest corner of the market square. Coins:
25 May 1935 #1 (with L 1809) (disintegrated) Subdivisions:
.1=Upper ... Second half 1st c.-end 2nd c. |
Well with overflow into cistern system. Probably Hellenistic in origin. POU late 1st. c. to early 3rd. c. Dumped filling of 4th. (and 5th.?) c.
Abandoned at 22.50m. because of water. Coins:
21 May 1937 ... Late 1st. c.-4th. c. A.D. (and 5th c. A.D.?) |
| Laura Gawlinski ... Circular pit uncovered in Early Building II, south of Room E latrine, adjacent to the preserved latrine floor surface. Continues beneath the latrine surface and the western scarp (unexcavated). Fill relatively ... Late 5th c. B.C ... This pit seemed to be cut into surrounding harder fills that were also of the 4th c. B.C., including scattered votive deposit G 13:14 above.
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Part of cistern system 76/ΝΖ-76/ΝΘ-81/ΝΘ on Kolonos Agoraios with lower dumped filling of 3rd. c. B.C. and upper dumped filling of first half of 1st. c. A.D. Coins:
4 June 1936 #5
5 June 1936 #3
6 June ... 3rd. c. B.C.-1st. c. A.D. |
Crosscut between Middle stoa Piers 1 and 2 from west (south aisle), layer II.
Chiefly late 5th to mid-4th c. B.C. Coins:
2 July 1965 #1 ... Late 5th to mid-4th c. B.C. |
Cistern system on Kolonos Agoraios, shaft into south passage (81/ΝΘ). The fill again seemed to be a dumped fill; probably rather late 3rd. c. Coins:
8 June 1936 #1-#3 ... Late 3rd. c. |
Cistern at 21/ΙΗ
Period of use fill dated to ca. 375-350 B.C., Upper fill dated to mostly first half of 6th c. B.C. in Agora XXX ... Ca. 375-350 B.C. |
Tile-lined Well in Room 2 of Street Stoa (5/8-13/13), ca. 0.64m in diameter. Tiles set in pairs for each circuit, tops carefully lettered for placement, one hand-hole per tile. Actual well earlier (?) ... 21-26 June 1972 ... Tile-lined Well in Room 2 of Street Stoa (5/8-13/13), ca. 0.64m in diameter. ... 3rd-4th c. B.C. reused in Roman times; 8 rows of tiles. |
Cistern in Room 12, House C=House N.
Simple flask-shaped chamber with draw shaft, in House M, Room 1; no tunnels. Excavated as single fill, but later analysis of material suggested two fills. Coins:
24 ... 4th. c. B.C. |
Well at 16/ΚΗ, in SW corner of Gymnasium complex. Lowest Roman deposit. 9th-10th century Byzantine and Turkish
Coins:
24 April 1935 #3
Envelope 4 in Tin 14 ... 5th c. A.D. - 10th c. A.D. |
Well on south slope of Kolonos Agoraios. Stratified deposit. Coins:
8 May 1937 #3
14 May 1937 #1
Coins from dump:
27 May 1937 #2-#9
28 May 1937 #3-#11 Subdivisions:
.1=16.00-17.00m.
.2=17.00-18.00m.
.3=18.00-19.00m ... 3rd. c. B.C.-3rd. c. A.D. |
Backfill of demolition of Great Monument beneath Middle Stoa.
[Soft pit below Layer II of south aisle (=fill of early "Great Drain")] ... Early 4th c. B.C. |
Coins:
21 May 1937 #5-#31
22 May 1937 #2-#4
from dump:
28 May 1937 #1, #12-#24, #26-#28
1 June 1937 #1
12 June 1937 #1-#7 ... Late 1st. c.-earliest 3rd. c. A.D. |
| Disturbed pyre in NE stoa area.
In western room of westernmost shop building. A patch of ash i or at the level of layer 2 (lot Ι 189d), partially destroyed by modern wall. Pottery from layer 2 dates ... 400-350? |
Fillings in a well on south slope of Kolonos Agoraios. The shaft reached a depth of 20.28m., but produced no use filling. The lower part, from water level at 12.60m. to bottom, provided only mud and gravel ... Ca. 425-400 B.C. |
| "Perhaps a cremation burial ... " nbp. 811. "Sacrificial pyre, disturbed," GRE, deposit nb.
In room on east side of building. Concentration of artifacts, fragments of bone, and abundant cinders in stratum, ... Early 3rd c. B.C.-Ca. 250 B.C. |
Well at 20/ΙΔ.
No POU fill. Bottom packed with sherds, including roof-tile fragments. Above this, were six meters with a "fair quantity" of sherds; then the top meter and a half contained a great quantity ... Ca. 420-390 B.C. |
Dug bedrock filling in a well of unusually large diameter (1.35m.), possibly the original source of water for a factory for making terracotta figurines (water for the workshop with waterproofed floor and ... 4th. c. B.C. |
Sandy Intrusion. Coins:
15 May 1933 #1-#25 A. Walker coin deposit ... 2nd c. A.D. |
| Pocket with burning at 60/ΚΗ. "Is this perhaps a disturbed pyre burial." [Nbp. 2928].
Identified as pyre by SIR.
Near north end of corridor, beside its west wall. Concentration of artifacts, tiny scraps ... 4th c. B.C. |
No period of use. Below the upper (Early Roman) dump extending down to ca. 6.10m. was a dumped fill of broken pottery in great quantity, including a high proportion of red-figured fragments. Masses of ... Ca. 430-400 B.C.
Late 1st c. B.C.-mid 1st c. A.D. |
Deposit of late unguentaria at ca. 37/ΛΖ plus black fill below deposit (cf. p. 945). Coins:
5 June 1935 #1 and cf. #2-#3 ... Mid-6th c. A.D. |
Coins:
4 June 1936 #12
22 June 1936 #1-#3 ... 4th. c. B.C. |
Tile-lined well at T/7-13/10,ca. 0.75m in diameter, top at ca. 64.90. Three tiles per circuit, ca. 0.63m high each; 10 rows of tiles. No POU.
Fill was largely dumped earth of the 3rd and 4th c. A.D., apparently ... Late 3rd to 5th century A.D ... Tile-lined well at T/7-13/10,ca. 0.75m in diameter, top at ca. 64.90. ... Fill was largely dumped earth of the 3rd and 4th c. A.D., apparently Herulian debris. ... Coins
13 July 1972 #356
19 July 1972 #361-#365
20 July 1972 #368-#372 |
Coins:
4 June 1936 #5
5 June 1936 #3 Estimated Grid ... 3rd. c. B.C ... 3rd. c. B.C ... B/3,4-13/1 |
| Identified as pyre by SIR.
In room E. Burnt "pocket" found while digging red earth that contained late Hellenistic pottery, including a fragment of Pergamene (discarded). No pit was discerned, but concentration ... 3rd quarter 4th c. B.C. |
Filling over and behind blocks of E. wall of Great Drain at 10-15/Α-Γ. Coins:
10 May 1954 #1-#2 ... 3rd c. B.C. |
Coins:
25 May 1935 #2
28 May 1935 #1-#3
29 May 1935 #1-#3
30 May 1935 #1-#2 ... 2nd c. A.D. |
Coins:
31 May 1935 #1 ... 1st c. A.D. |
Dumped fill in a shaft which served as means of access leading to a water channel south of the Stoa of Attalos. Coins:
29 June 1933 #1 (disintegrated)
29 April 1936 #1-#3
4 May 1936 #1 ... Early 1st c. A.D. |
| Marcie Handler ... This deposit is a Mycenaean cist grave with two cover slabs, a type of burial described by Immerwahr in Agora XIII (pp. 103-104). Cist graves appear side by side with chamber tombs in the Mycenaean cemeteries ... LHIIB-LHIIIA:1 |
Well in branch of Aqueduct (ca. 13/ΚΔ) 3rd c. A.D. - 5th c. A.D ... 3rd c. A.D ... Well in branch of Aqueduct (ca. 13/ΚΔ) ... 3rd c. A.D. - 5th c. |
| Laura Gawlinski ... Coin hoard of Athenian tetradrachms. Dug into fill under floor (floor level not preserved) on east side of Strategeion near the NE corner of room formed by the eastern poros block wall and an east-west ... Second half of 4th c. B.C ... Second half of 4th c. B.C ... F/12-13/14 |
| Located in Middle Stoa, west, south aisle, beneath pressure pipe (cf. A 4900). The siting of the well is remarkable in its proximity to Well I 13:3, also Geometric in date, which was found in 1968 only ... Second half of 8th c B.C ... Second half of 8th c B.C ... I/11,12-13/15 |
Roman Water Mill: Destruction fill on floor and in pit. Includes also fill from mill drain and in manhole at 14/ΛΣΤ, plus gravel fill of gully formed after construction and probably after destruction of ... Second half 6th c. A.D. |
Burial disturbed. Located in Middle Stoa, north aisle, "upper trench", piers 3 and 4. Two individuals: small child (ca. 5 yrs. old) and adult female.
In its disturbed state the burial was found (at elevation ... First half of 7th c. B.C ... First half of 7th c. B.C ... I/12,13-13/3,4 |
Mycenaean Well (S/1,2-13/20,14/1). Underneath the NE Room of the Library of Pantainos, along its S side, as a cutting in bedrock containing reddish fill with bits of green bedrock. The feature is rectangular ... 30 June-23 July 1975 ... Mycenaean Well (S/1,2-13/20,14/1). Underneath the NE Room of the Library of Pantainos, along its S side, as a cutting in bedrock containing reddish fill with bits of green bedrock. ... The presence of Roman pottery and the absence of pottery from intervening periods (5th-4th c. B.C.) seems to indicate that the shaft of S 13:2 may not have been filled to the top originally (or the fill settled over centuries), and had been covered in some way, not to be rediscovered until the early Roman period.
... LHIIIA (layer IV)
1st c. A.D. (layers I-III), Roman pottery from 66.10-65.00masl ? |
Tiled well, ca. 30m south of the Tholos. Associated with Building D. Hellenistic Group A with Late Roman fill in upper 3.00m. Objects A 245 and P 4597 are from fill on floor around well-head, contemporary ... 325-260 B.C ... Upper fill: Presence of moldmade relief bowls indicates date at least as late as last quarter of 3rd c. No coins or stamped amphora handles.
... Coins:
13 March 1933 #1 at well head (#2-#3)
21 March 1933 #1 (dump) (not a coin) |
| Laura Gawlinski ... Well in courtyard of Early Building I, adjacent to wall of Room B. Tile lined; upper course in situ, lower two collapsed probably in antiquity. Letters inscribed on rims (eta, phi, omicron, theta). Medium ... First quarter of the 4th c. B.C ... First quarter of the 4th c. B.C ... H/6,7-13/7,8 |
| Sacrificial Pyre = Pit in floor (identified as pyre by SIR); with the characteristic small plates and saucers. "Saucer Grave" at 12/ΚΑ.
Dimensions: 2m (length)x 0.70 (width).
North of north wall of building ... First half 4th c. B.C ... First half 4th c. B.C ... Ζ:12-13/ΚΑ-ΚΕ |
| In room A. Concentration of artifacts and burning in stratum, no pit discerned. The pyre lay below a Late Hellenistic fill with a smooth earth surface. It is described as a black patch of earth with sherds, ... 350-250 B.C. |
| Homer A. Thompson ... PG grave to NW of Stoa Pier 19 (Tomb no. 5 in notebook). In some records as Grave XLII.
It consisted of a rectangular pit, oriented north-south, cut into bedrock. The sides of the pit were lined and the ... Earlier-Developed Protogeometric ... AgoraPicBk 13 (1973), fig. 35 ... Hesperia 23 (1954), p. 58, pl. 16a-c ... Agora XIV, p. 13, pl. 19a-c. |
| Grave XX in notebook = RSY Grave 16. PD 731-i ... Late 6th. c. B.C ... Hesperia 20 (1951), pp. 97-98, fig. 13 and pl. 44 c-d (Grave 16). |
Top fill to 1.00m. = dump of late Hellenistic ware mixed with some Roman of 2nd c. to early 3rd. c. Intermediate fill 1.20-2.00m. = dump with tiles and stucco, almost no sherds. Coins:
6 February 1937 ... 2nd-3rd c. A.D ... = dump of late Hellenistic ware mixed with some Roman of 2nd c. to early 3rd. c. ... Coins:
6 February 1937 #11-#13
8 February 1937 #8-#13 |
House C, Room 5, small hoard. Deposit created by A.W. and first appears in his thesis (Biblio. below).
"Another small hoard or purse of Herulian date", A.Walker (1980), p. 127. Coins:
23 June 1947 #7-#13 ... Ca. 267 A.D ... House C, Room 5, small hoard. ... Coins:
23 June 1947 #7-#13 |
House C, Room 4 (Pottery dump of stamnos wall and fill below floor). Coins:
1 July 1947 #13
2 July 1947 #1
Coins from House IV:
14 May 1947 #1-#2
19 May 1947 #6-#7
20 May 1947 #32 ... First half 3rd c. B.C ... House C, Room 4 (Pottery dump of stamnos wall and fill below floor) ... Coins:
1 July 1947 #13
2 July 1947 #1
Coins from House IV:
14 May 1947 #1-#2
19 May 1947 #6-#7
20 May 1947 #32 |
| Anne McCabe ... Adjacent to the SW face of Byzantine Wall 14. The circular cutting, 0.90m in diameter, appeared at 53.504m under a layer of loose rubble (Lot 481). Wall of the well roughly built, consisting at the top ... 11-19 July 2006
24 June-21 July 2009 |
Well dug through cistern at 64/Γ. Seems to have been stratified; four fills recorded but here treated as one as divisions are rather "arbitrary".
Agora V, p. 126: Constructed in late 1st c.; use filling ... 3rd c. A.D. POU (before 267 A.D.) ... 1 Top to -11m (containers 1-8), dump 7th c. ? ... 2 -11m to -13.20m (containers 9-13), POU (?) 4th c ... POU late 3rd-early 4th c. |
| Date of filling early third c. B.C.
Little pottery. Seven stamped amphora handles. Latest coin dates in first third of 3rd c. One small fragment of moldmade bowl of undetermined type. Coins:
12 August ... 310-220 B.C ... Date of filling early third c. B.C.
Little pottery. ... Latest coin dates in first third of 3rd c. One small fragment of moldmade bowl of undetermined type ... Coins:
12 August 1957 #1-#3
13 August 1957 #1 |
This shaft in the NE corner of House A, Room III, depth of one tile, is perhaps connected with drain A. Coins:
13 May 1940 #1-#13
14 May 1940 #2-#101 ... Early 3rd. c. B.C. |
| Pyre in House C, Room 12 (RSY=Pyre 9) in the industrial area west of the Areopagus.
Notebook refers to House N.
Beside west wall of room 12. Pottery, burnt bone, and cinders in a roughly round pit; disturbed ... Ca. 250 B.C ... Pyre in House C, Room 12 (RSY=Pyre 9) in the industrial area west of the Areopagus.
... The pyre predates the fill of the cistern in the room (B 18:13), and it is therefore contemporary with continued activity there. |
| Grave XIV in notebook = RSY Grave 13. PD 731-f ... Late 6th. c. B.C. |
Roman Group L.
Layer I (cont. 59-64) Pre-Herulian second half of 3rd c. (bottom, 15.95-13.90).
Layer II (cont. 42-58) 4th c.-first quarter of 4th c. (11.90-13.90).
Layer III (cont. 17-41) -4th c. (10.00 ... Second half 3rd c.-early 5th c. A.D ... Layer I (cont. 59-64) Pre-Herulian second half of 3rd c. (bottom, 15.95-13.90).
Layer II (cont. 42-58) 4th c.-first quarter of 4th c. (11.90-13.90).
Layer III (cont. 17-41) -4th c. (10.00 to 11.90).
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Trench for foundation of south stylobate of Square Building (between Piers 12-13) ... Late 3rd-early 2nd c. B.C. |
Coins:
8 June 1932 #2-#9
9 June 1932 #1-#14
10 June 1932 #1-#13
11 June 1932 #1-#9
13 June 1932 #1-#3, #6 (dump) ... 1st-3d c. A.D. |
| Handler ... Found in an area of disturbed fill north of a floor surface in Room 4 of the Classical Commercial Building. The floor surface (n. 3 on the west side of Room 4) was preserved at 52.503-52.544 masl., and ... 2nd half 4th c. B.C. |
Coins:
10 April #68-#78
12 April 1937 #1-#6, #9-#65 (found 10 April 1937)
13 April 1937 #2-#13 (found 10 April 1937)
13 April 1937 #14-#24 (found 12 April 1937)
19 April 1937 #1-#5 (found 10 and 12 April ... Early Roman, 1st c. A.D. |
Figurine Deposit in Roman Building 4, Room 20, strosis 1. Coins:
13 April 1937 #1 ... To 4th c. A.D. |
Containers 24-72.
Masses of pottery; including many BHWJ's; lamps XVIII and XXIV
Coins:
12 June 1937 #14-#53
13 June 1937 #1-#7 (from earth of 12 June)
13 June 1937 #8
14 June 1937 #1-#3
15 June 1937 ... First half 1st c. A.D. |
Coins:
13 May 1937 #1-#6
25 May 1937 #1-#5 (from the dump, probably belonging to bottom deposit) ... 2nd. c. |
Well at 34/ΚΔ.
a) Depth 13.60m. Little pottery (14 tins) and some of that made useless by loss of tickets during war.
b) Top to 13.00m (upper and transitional fills) 4th century. LRP ware and a 4th century ... Late 2nd to middle of 3rd cent; 4th century ... LRP ware and a 4th century coin.
c) 13.00-13.60m Late 2nd-early 3rd century ... Coins:
13 June 1939 #13
14 June 1939 #8 |
| Upper mixed dumped fill (last quarter 3rd c.-4th c.) with Roman POU below 10.40m. Coins:
16 February 1937 #1 (disintegrated)
17 February 1937 #1 (disintegrated)
8 April 1937 #5-#10 (dump)
9 April 1937 ... 2nd half of 1st c.-first half of 3rd c. A.D ... Upper mixed dumped fill (last quarter 3rd c.-4th c.) with Roman POU below 10.40m ... Coins:
16 February 1937 #1 (disintegrated)
17 February 1937 #1 (disintegrated)
8 April 1937 #5-#10 (dump)
9 April 1937 #2-#5 (dump)
10 April 1937 #1-#8 (dump)
12 April 1937 #7-#8 (dump)
13 April 1937 #25 (dump)
14 April 1937 #3-#4 (dump)
19 April 1937 #6-#7 (dump) |
Dump, Sullen clean-up. Coins:
9 February 1937 #6-#10
10 February 1937 #11-#13
11 February 1937 #16-#20 ... First quarter 1st c. B.C. |
Sullan destruction debris. Coins:
27 April 1940 #3-#5
14 May 1940 #5-#6
15 May 1940 #3-#7
17 May 1940 #11-#13 ... 3rd. to 1st. c. B.C. |
A pit running E-W under Holy Apostle St., about 1.20m. square and 0.90m. deep. Built with stones about the size of a man's head. Coins:
24 April 1935 #12-#13 ... 18th c. |
Dumped fill. Well lining collapsed at ca. 0.60m. from bottom, apparently at start of POU, forcing abandonment. Pottery described as mixed to "latest Roman", including combed and gouged; all very fragmentary; ... Late Roman ... Cf. Lot Υ 13 for pottery from fill in channel leading to well 39/ΞΔ (late 4th c. |
Well at 19/ΙΑ (corrected from O 13:2) Incised bowl
Graffito bowl
Water jug x2
Small amphora
Amphora x2
Canteen x2 Tins 132-138 (not found in notebook) ... 12th c. A.D. |
Coins:
9 June 1937 #1
10 June 1937 #1-#11
11 June 1937 #1-#30
12 June 1937 #1-#13 (from earth of 11 June) ... 2nd c. A.D. |
"Red Fill" (extending to bedrock or near, over most of area). Mainly first century after Christ with later disturbance. Coins:
17 April 1936 #10-#13
18 April 1936 #1
20 April 1936 #13-#17
21 April 1936 ... 1st-2nd c. A.D. |
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