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http://agathe.gr/guide/boundary_stones_and_house_of_simon_the_cobbler.html Boundary Stones and House of Simon the Cobbler Inscribed marble posts were used to mark the entrances to the Agora wherever a street led into the open square. Two have been found in situ, inscribed with ... The limits of the square had to be well marked for two reasons. ... One such building, found just behind the northern boundary stone (horos, in Greek), produced bone eyelets and iron hobnails, suggesting that a cobbler worked here in the 5th century B.C., while a fragmentary drinking cup found nearby preserved the incised name of Simon (Figs. 25, 26). ... The remains of the house of Simon the cobbler, 5th century B.C., built against the Agora boundary stone (bottom left). |
http://agathe.gr/guide/southwest_area.html Southwest Area - Industry and Houses Leaving the area of the boundary stone, one can head southwest up a valley leading toward the Pnyx, meeting place of the Athenian assembly. Here are the complex remains ... The other walls and wells represent private houses dating from the 5th century B.C. to the Byzantine period. ... The date, location, and plan are all appropriate, though the building may equally well have served some commercial function. ... The Poros Building, possibly the State Prison, seen from the north, 5th century B.C. |
http://agathe.gr/guide/odeion_of_agrippa.html Odeion of Agrippa Late in the 1st century B.C. the Athenians were given money for a new marketplace by Caesar and Augustus, and the northern half of the old Agora square was filled with two new structures, ... Cross section of the Odeion, 1st phase (late 1st century B.C.), looking east. ... A.D. 150–175), as reused in the early 5th century A.C. "The lecture was interrupted by much shouting and laughter. ... Drawing of the Late Roman reuse of the Odeion of Agrippa as part of a large palace-like complex, early 5th century A.C. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_athenian_navy.html The Athenian Navy With thousands of kilometers of coastline and hundreds of islands, the Greek world was likely to be dominated only by a naval power. A generation after the establishment of democracy ... These citizen oarsmen were recognized as early as the 5th century B.C. as a significant force in the maintenance of the democracy. ... The trireme was the warship that brought Athens preeminence in Greek waters in the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. ... Oared ships appear on Athenian vases from the 8th to the 5th century B.C., and several of the 372 shipsheds that lined the harbors of the Piraeus have been excavated. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/sokrates.html Sokrates The philosopher Sokrates was one of many Athenians critical of the people and their control over affairs of state. His probing public debates with fellow citizens led to his trial for impiety ... Regrettably, the shoemaker dialogues have not survived, but in the excavations of the Agora, a small house of the 5th century B.C. was excavated east of the Tholos, just outside the Agora boundary stone. ... Iron hobnails, 5th century B.C. L. of shafts: 0.015 m. ... Base of an Athenian (Attic) black-glaze kylix (drinking cup), 5th century B.C. D.: 0.073 m. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_athenian_army.html The Athenian Army From the very beginning, the Athenians were compelled to fight for their new democracy. Their dramatic victories over the Boiotians and Chalkidians in 506 B.C. led many to attribute Athenian ... Fragment of an Athenian (Attic) red-figure bell-krater (mixing bowl), Stb century B.C. H.: 0.12 7 m. ... Lead armor tokens, 3rd century B.C. D.: 0.018-0.021 m. ... The eight examples reproduced here are part of a group of thirty similar tokens found in the same well, at a level dating to the second half of the 4th century B.C., as the inscribed lead strip describing Konon's horse. |
http://agathe.gr/guide/history_of_the_agora.html History of the Agora The excavations of the Athenian Agora have uncovered about thirty acres on the sloping ground northwest of the Acropolis (Fig. 3). Material of all periods from the Late Neolithic to ... It continued in use as a cemetery throughout the Iron Age (1100–700 B.C.) and over 80 graves, both burials and cremations, have been found. ... The rise of Alexander of Macedon eclipsed Athens politically and the 3rd century B.C. saw Athens dominated by his successors. ... The area was given over to a variety of large villas in the 4th and 5th centuries A.D. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/practice_of_ostracism.html Ostracism Soon after their victory over the Persians at the battle of Marathon in 490 B.C., the Athenians began the practice of ostracism, a form of election designed to curb the power of any rising tyrant ... Ostrakon of Megakles (left), ostracized in 486 B.C. Max. dim.: 0.11 m. ... (Life of Aristeides 73-4) Ostrakon of Perikles, candidate for ostracism in the mid-5th century B.C. Max. dim.: 0.07 m. ... They preserve the names of all the well-known statesmen as well as several unknown aspirants to political power. |
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